Formation of hyodeoxycholic acid from muricholic acid and hyocholic acid by an unidentified gram-positive rod termed HDCA-1 isolated from rat intestinal microflora

Article Abstract:

A gram-positive rod bacterium, called HDCA-1, that does not belong to a known genomic species, was isolated from the rat intestinal microflora. It is able to convert the 3alpha,6beta,7beta-trihydroxy bile acid beta-muricholic acid into hydodeoxycholic acid by dehydroxylation of the 7beta-hydroxy group and epimerization of the 6beta-hydroxy group into a 6alpha-hydroxy group. The strain HDCA-1 could not be grown unless a nonconjugated 7-hydroxylated bile acid and an unidentified growth factor produced by a Ruminucoccus productus strain that was also isolated from the intestinal microflora were added to the culture medium.

Bile acids

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Determination of fermentable carbohydrate from the upper gastrointestinal tract by using colectomized rats

Article Abstract:

Colectomized rats were fed a fiber-free or gum arabic-supplemented diet and the fermentable carbohydrate content and composition of gastrointestinal output were determined. The results showed that rats fed on a fiber-free diet produced small amounts of low molecular weight water-soluble carbohydrates in the proximal colon. On the other hand, rats fed on gum arabic produced a 12-fold higher amout of total carbohydrate, majority of which were water-soluble, or easily fermentable. The results also showed that the major source of endogenous carbohydrates is mucin.

Gastrointestinal system

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Distribution and evolution of the xylanase genes xynA and xynB and their homologues in strains of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens

Article Abstract:

Of 28 strains of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, only four have a homologue of the xylanase xynA gene. Only three strains have a homologue of the xynB gene. This means there must be another xylanase gene that has yet to be identified.

Genetic aspects, Bacteria, Sugars

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