Abstracts

Biological sciences

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Myogenic specification of somites is mediated by diffusible factors

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to examine the effects of organotypic explant cultures and transfilter explant cultures on myogenic specifications in chicken somites. Transfilter cultures of somites from the neural tube and notochord from early chick embryos revealed muscle fibers that express a heavy myosin chain. The ventral tube was a stronger inducer of myogenesis than the dorsal tube because the latter induces myogenic differentiation in specific somites such as the heart and ectoderm. Meanwhile, removal of the segmental plate had no effect on the inducing ability of the somites. These results suggest that inducing activity is localized in the neural tube and that myogenic response is dependent on neural tube activity.

Genetic aspects, Chickens, Myogenesis

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A mutation that depresses cGMP phosphodiesterase activity in Dictyostelium affects cell motility through an altered chemotactic signal

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to determine the behavioral response of cells to the natural cAMP wave based on the response of streamer F (StmF) mutant of Dictyostelium discoideum cells to waves produced by wild-type cell aggregation territories. Using computer-assisted methods, it was found that mutant cells behave normally in the deduced back of waves produced by wild-type cells, while wild-type cells behave aberrantly in the deduced back of waves produced by mutant cells. This suggests that aberrant behavior in StmF cells is due to defects in the cAMP wave territories.

Chemotaxis, Cyclic adenylic acid, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Phosphodiesterases

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Cell sorting within the prespore zone of Dictyostelum discoideum

Article Abstract:

An experiment was conducted to test whether the front pre-spore cells of Dictyostelium discoideum are converted to rear pre-spore cells when transplanted in the rear. Results showed that cells on both sides sorted themselves with those in front shifting posteriorly and those at the rear shifting anteriorly. This behavior results from the innate differences between cells rather than from positional signals.

Dictyostelium

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