Opposing FGF and retinoid pathways: A signaling switch that controls differentiation and patterning onset in the extending vertebrate body axis

Article Abstract:

Recent studies show that changes in the signaling properties of the paraxial mesoderm act as a switch that controls onset of differentiation and pattern in the spinal chord. The findings find distinct roles for different caudalising factors; in particular Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) inhibits differentiation in the caudal stem zone, while Retinue acid (RA) provided rostrally by somitic mesoderm is required for neuronal differentiation and establishment of ventral neural pattern.

Retinoids

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An evolutionary history of the FGF superfamily

Article Abstract:

Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are associated with multiple developmental and metabolic processes in triploblasts and in diploblasts. FGF superfamily can be subdivided in eight families in present-day organisms and has evolved through phases of gene duplications and gene losses.

United States, Metabolism, Genomes

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Functional diversity of FGF-2 isoforms by intracellular sorting

Article Abstract:

The mode of action and biological role of intracellular fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) are discussed. The significance of the functional diversity of FGF-2 is reflected in its ability to execute vastly heterogeneous biological functions.

Norway, Physiological aspects, Protein research, Endocytosis

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