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Biological sciences

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Production of manganese peroxidase and organic acids and mineralization of 14C-labelled lignin (14C-DHP) during solid-state fermentation of wheat straw with the white rot fungus Nematoloma frowardii

Article Abstract:

Manganese peroxidase (MnP) is the predominant ligninolytic enzyme during solid-state fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw with the white rot fungus Nematoloma frowardii. The fungus generates sufficient amounts of organic acids for effective MnP activity. Aside from MnP, low levels of laccase and lignin peroxidase were also detected during SSF. Synthetic 14C-ring labeled lignin was degraded during SSF. About 75% of the initial radioactivity was released as (super 14)CO(sub 2), while only 6% was associated with the residual straw material, thus leading to the conclusion that at least partial extracellular mineralization of lignin may have taken place.

Biodegradation, Fermentation, Lignin, Straw

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Effect of nystatin on the metabolism of xylitol and xylose by Pachysolen tannophilus

Article Abstract:

Changes in the permeability of Pachysolen tannophilus to xylitol and itts conversion to ethanol due to nystatin is discussed. Experiments with the different antifungal agents were conducted in a nitrogen-free and resting condition. The effect of nystatin by whole cells was monitored on xylitol and xylose metabolisms and on cell extract. Results indicate that the limited rate of xylitol transport causes the discrepancy between the whole cells and the cell extract.

Usage, Xylitol, Nystatin

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Differential C isotope discrimination by fungi during decomposition of C(sub)3- and C(sub)4-derived sucrose

Article Abstract:

Isotopic fractionation in three species of basidiomycete species using different sources of sugar in their ecosystem environment is presented. Results show that the fungi differentially fractionate sucrose derived from C(sub)3 and C(sub)4 in a taxon-specific manner and that the fractionation is sensitive to the nonrandom distribution of the stable isotope.

United States, Statistical Data Included, Sugars, Carbohydrates, Isotopes, Biotic communities

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