Creative compliance in financial reporting

Article Abstract:

Creative accounting is practiced in many large listed companies. To find out how these schemes are devised and avoid punishment by legal and regulatory authorities, the process of creative compliance is examined by focusing on a case of complex convertible securities issued by UK listed firms between 1987 and 1990. The results reveal an active dialectic of creativity in how the professionals involved designed the securities as shown by their clever transition from avoidance to rules and back to avoidance once again. Findings also indicate that innovative accounting can only be effectively implemented with full and close cooperation among auditors, lawyers and other professionals who know the current regulations and who can make their schemes seem credible.

Methods, Business creativity

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Changes in accounting policies and investment analysts' fixation on accounting figures

Article Abstract:

A study is conducted to investigate how much investment analysts dwelt on accounting policy changes and their impact on accounting figures in their investment reports. One hundred forty-four reports from the 40 most actively traded companies on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange covering the period 1987-1991 are examined. Sixteen accounting changes are identified and classified into the following categories: changes in accounting policy on investment grants, capitalization of publishing rights, changes from current cost to historical cost accounting, and miscellaneous accounting changes. The findings indicate that investment analysts' fixation on accounting figures is significantly influenced by the level of disclosure and the nature of accounting change.

Investment analysis, Securities analysis

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The changing portrayal of the employment of women in British banks' and retail companies' corporate annual reports

Article Abstract:

The corporate annual reports of British banking and retail companies between 1935 and 1993 are examined to determine corporate social disclosure and non-disclosure with respect to gender and employment during this period. The study seeks to generate new insights into managerial disclosure policy and the influence of patriarchy in the social, political and economic context of six distinct periods: 1935-45, 1945-50, 1950-64, 1964-70, 1970-79 and 1979-93. The results indicate that reporting of women's employment at the time was widely influenced by capitalism and patriarchy.

Commercial Banks, Commercial Banking, Retail Trade, United Kingdom, Banking industry, Retail industry, Reports, Working women, Disclosure statements (Accounting)

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