Physiological and subjective measures of workload when shovelling with a conventional and two-handled ('levered') shovel

Article Abstract:

Researchers examined the physiological effects of working with a two-handled, levered spade as opposed to a conventional spade. Subjects shovelled sand using both shovels. The energy expenditure was similar for both tools although sand mass per scoop was lower in the two-handled shovel, due to the additional mass of the extra handle . Heart rates were 4% higher with the two-handled shovel due to the more upright posture. The results indicate the benefits of the two-handled shovel, as the physiological effects of usage differ little from use of a conventional shovel, but it has biomechanical advantages.

Health aspects, Agriculture, Construction industry, Design and construction, Horticulture, Shovels, Shovels (Hand tools)

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Auditory and visual interactions in postural stabilization

Article Abstract:

Visual feedback has a significant stabilizing effect on the sway parameters but it does not overshadow other sensory modalities in the process. Certain band frequencies along with loudness make up for the lack of visual feedback while standing. The loss of auditory stimulation and visual feedback have more destabilizing effects than the loss of visual feedback alone. the critical band frequencies regulate the anteroposterior sway and loudness regulates the mediolateral sway. Vision and sound may affect the occurrence and prevention of industrial accidents.

Vision, Sound

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Postural adaptations to workbench modifications in standing workers

Article Abstract:

Postural adaptations in constrained standing were studied to establish design guidelines for standing workspaces. An increase in trunk flexion and hip flexion was observed in subjects adapting to increased task distance. Subjects are exposed to increased neck flexion and thoracic kyphosis. Constraining the foot position brings about increased hip flexion with increased plantar flexion.

Workers, Standing position

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