A temporal-threshold model of polygynous mating in cyclical environments

Article Abstract:

A temporal-threshold model for polygynous mating (TMPM) is presented. The model is an extension of the polygyny-threshold model and shows how polygyny costs and cyclical environments affect the temporal patterns of reproduction in polygynous animals. The mating system of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and the spawning behavior of the Hawaiian Potter's angelfish (Centropyge potteri) were seen to correspond to the predictions of the TMPM, which is applicable only to species where females have limited access to available males.

Sexual behavior, Models, Environmental aspects, Sexual behavior in animals, Animal sexual behavior, African elephant, Polygamy

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Sex allocation in haplodiploid cyclical parthenogens with density-dependent proportion of males

Article Abstract:

Sex allocation in the planktonic invertebrates rotifers is examined. These monogononts have a cyclical parthenogenetic life cycle that includes a sexual or mictic phase and an asexual or amictic phase. Sex determination in the rotifers is determined by male density as well as the age at which a mictic female loses her fertilization receptivity. Research results suggest that optimization of sex allocation may inhibit the maximization of the growth rate of the rotifer population.

Sex determination, Genetic, Sex determination (Genetics), Rotifera, Rotifers, Haploidy

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Demographic and genetic evidence for cyclical changes in queen number in a neotropical wasp, Polybia emaciata

Article Abstract:

The high level of relatedness among members of epiponine wasp colony is best explained by the cyclical oligogny hypothesis. This hypothesis postulates that recently built colonies are likely to be populated by many young queens with few eggs each. Nests of these wasps that are about to swarm have fewer older queens with mature ovaries and developing queens. Therefore, the population of queens in a colony is inversely proportional to the age of the colony.

Analysis, Genetic aspects, Wasps, Entomology, Insect societies, Insect populations

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