Uncertainty of paternity can select against paternal care

Article Abstract:

The criticism of the hypothesis that uncertainty of paternity selects against male paternal care in animals is evaluated. It was pointed out that the error in the criticism is due to the calculations that assumed the uncertainty of paternity (P sub c) to be a constant of specific value between zero and one. However, P sub c is a random variable varying between zero and one. The new calculations based on the correction are presented in support of the hypothesis that uncertainty of paternity can select against paternal care.

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Confidence of paternity and male parental care

Article Abstract:

A quantitative theoretical model was developed to examine male parental care in relation to confidence of paternity and fitness gains from nonparental activities. The optimal level of parental care increases with paternity and decreases with the increase in the rate of fitness gained from nonparental activities. This relationship is continuous or threshold (discontinuous), depending on the relationship between offspring recruitment and and male parental care.

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Von Bertalanffy's growth equation should not be used to model age and size at maturity

Article Abstract:

The von Bertalanffy (VB) equation is often incorrectly applied in both indeterminate and determinate growth models of maturity. In determinate growth models, the VB equation fails to develop an accurate description of prematurity growth. On the other hand, indeterminate growth models fail to utilize distinct specifications for pre- and post-maturity growth curves. The use of an appropriate growth equation can significantly affect predictions.

Models, Body size, Body weights and measures, Growth, Growth (Physiology)

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