Stabilization of emissions of CO2: a computable general equilibrium assessment

Article Abstract:

The effects of policies aimed to control carbon dioxide emissions in economic development are studied with particular focus on Norway. The analytical tool used is a multisector computer equilibrium model that incorporates effects of other pollutants and quantified health and other nontangible benefits. The results indicate that eradicating carbon dioxide emissions reduces macroeconomic development by a relatively insignificant amount, while noneconomic benefits in terms of improved health for the citizens easily offset any economic loss.

Economic aspects, Economic policy, Environmental aspects, Norway, Pollution, Air pollution

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The marginal cost of funds in the presence of environmental externalities

Article Abstract:

The inclusion of environmental externalities in the analysis of marginal costs of funds is important so as to ensure that conclusions are unbiased and relatively accurate. An empirical model using data from Norway is used to analyze such marginal cost of funds in relation to taxation and tax reform. The environmental externalities used include air emissions and other pollutants. They affect the marginal cost of funds of specific taxes in varied ways.

Research, Externalities (Economics), Cost (Economics), Costs (Economics)

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Tax enforcement problems

Article Abstract:

A mathematical model is developed to test the implications of penalty functions on tax enforcement. The model is developed based on conditions which assume that governments have complete information on the conversion of labor into income. An enforcement policy that predisposes tax filers to honesty was found to be regressive, the average tax a decreasing function of income.

Public Finance Activities, Tax Administration, Tax administration and procedure

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