Time generation and distribution
Article Abstract:
Far reaching developments are occurring in time and frequency technology. Laser methods for manipulating the states and motions of atoms are expected to provide impressive improvements in atomic standards. Current satellite time transfer provides better transfer accuracy and stability than most atomic frequency standards. Even the most advanced frequency standards are expected to be improved through further progress in time transfer. There is great interest in improving the synchronization of telecommunication, electric power and navigation networks. A general description of the current trends in time and frequency measurement is provided.
Publication Name: Proceedings of the IEEE
Subject: Electronics
ISSN: 0018-9219
Year: 1991
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Common channel signaling in the AT&T U.S. 5ESS Switch
Article Abstract:
AT&T began building a nationwide Common Channel Signaling (CCS) based on Common Channel Interoffice Signaling (CCIS6) in 1976. The company's switches used the CCIS6 protocol for faster call setup and access to its toll network databases,used for elementary call control. Signaling System 7 (SS7) transports more call information at higher speeds and capacities as well as providing CCS benefits to local-area networks (LANs). AT&T's 5ESS switch now provides an increasing array of SS7 features and services for local and long-distance networks. The design and architecture of the 5ESS SS7 switch is described. A list of nomenclature is provided.
Publication Name: Proceedings of the IEEE
Subject: Electronics
ISSN: 0018-9219
Year: 1992
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Survey of telecommunications applications of quantum electronics -- progress with optical fiber communications
Article Abstract:
Optical communication is one of the most fruitful areas in the quantum electronics field. Optical transmission is providing the infrastructure for the transition to the information age. All US homes will need to be connected with optical fiber cabling to implement broadband integrated service digital network (B-ISDN) technology. The history and current state of optical transmission for high data rate telecommunications is discussed, including the characteristics of fiber transmission, semiconductor laser sources, receivers, and the development of practical optical amplifiers.
Publication Name: Proceedings of the IEEE
Subject: Electronics
ISSN: 0018-9219
Year: 1992
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