Designing with fuzzy logic
Article Abstract:
Fuzzy logic, developed by Lotfi Zadeh of the Univ of California at Berkeley, is a digital control methodology that simulates human thinking by incorporation of the imprecision in all physical systems. This mathematical theory combines multivalued logic, probability theory, artificial intelligence and neural networks. The Japanese use fuzzy logic in a variety of products, from auto-focusing cameras to industrial assembly controllers. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd has implemented a power reduction of 20 percent by using fuzzy control algorithms. Binary control variables (such as hot/cold, fast/slow) are turned into soft grades (warm/cool, moderately fast/somewhat slow) by fuzzy logic, with varying degrees of membership. Input in fuzzy systems is in the form of linguistic variables, which are tested with 'if-then' rules. At present fuzzy logic is being applied to nonlinear, time-variant, ill-defined systems. Input and output variables must be defined as the first step in designing a fuzzy controller. In addition to several Japanese research teams doing work in fuzzy logic, Togai Infralogic Inc (Irvine, CA) and Apt Instruments (N.A.) Inc (Santa Clara, CA) specialize in fuzzy consulting.
Publication Name: IEEE Spectrum
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0018-9235
Year: 1990
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Solid state
Article Abstract:
Semiconductor sales were down in 1992 with the rest of the global economy. Growth rates for semiconductor sales were down between six and seven percent between 1991 and 1992. In the same period a year prior there was a growth rise of eight percent. Technological advances in the semiconductor industry were made by DEC breaking the 200 MHz barrier, the advancement of 3.3-volt logic by the success of notebook and high computer applications, and the Sematech research consortium reaching its first five year goal with 200 mm diameter wafers and an extremely small line width. These advances result from improvements in US manufactured semiconductor preparation equipment. Semiconductor sales in the US were up 15 percent, European sales were flat, and Japanese sales dropped 10 percent.
Publication Name: IEEE Spectrum
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0018-9235
Year: 1993
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Slandered by Hamlet!
Article Abstract:
An analysis of Shakespeare's 'Hamlet' reveals his dislike for engineers. This is concluded from a statement made by Hamlet's mother in the play. Hamlet's mother advises him to restrain himself from reacting to his uncle's actions. She sarcastically remarks that Hamlet need not react since their deaths result from their own inventions.
Publication Name: IEEE Spectrum
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0018-9235
Year: 1995
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