A simple, noninvasive, sensitive method for diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism by monoclonal antibody TKH-2 that recognizes NeuAc-alpha-2-6GalNAc

Article Abstract:

The monoclonal antibody TKH-2 may be useful in the diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism. Amniotic fluid embolism is the rare and often fatal blocking of an artery by amniotic fluid that has been forced into the mother's bloodstream by uterine contractions. The sialyl Tn antigen is a major component of amniotic fluid and meconium, which is a dark green mixture of intestinal secretions and amniotic fluid found in the fetal intestines. In this diagnostic test, the presence of TKH-2 antibody-antigen complexes was used to indicate the level of sialyl Tn antigen. The concentration of sialyl Tn was measured in 177 clear amniotic fluid samples, 30 meconium-stained amniotic fluid samples, 67 blood samples taken during pregnancy, 11 blood samples taken after delivery, and 4 blood samples taken from women with fluid embolism or amniotic fluid embolism-like symptoms. Sialyl Tn antigen was significantly elevated in the blood samples taken from the women with diagnosed or suspected amniotic fluid embolism.

Monoclonal antibodies, Amniotic fluid embolism

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The role of amniotic fluid L-selectin, GRO-alpha, and interleukin-8 in the pathogenesis of intraamniotic infection

Article Abstract:

Elevated levels of L-selectin, GRO-alpha, and interleukin-8 may be associated with intraamniotic infection in pregnant women with premature rupture of fetal membranes or premature labor. Researchers compared the levels of the white blood cell antigen and chemokines in 14 women with infection of amniotic fluid and 31 women with premature labor, but no infection. Amniotic infection was associated with significantly higher levels of the white blood cell-associated substances, higher white blood cell levels, and lower glucose levels in amniotic fluid.

Health aspects, Amniocentesis, Interleukin-8, Leukocytosis

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Evaluating rapid diagnostic tests of intra-amniotic infection: Gram stain, amniotic fluid glucose level, and amniotic fluid to serum glucose level ratio

Article Abstract:

The Gram stain and the level of glucose in amniotic fluid appear to be the best way to detect uterine infection in pregnant women with premature labor or premature rupture of membranes. The Gram stain is used to detect bacteria in tissue samples. Researchers compared the usefulness of the Gram stain, amniotic fluid glucose level, and the ratio of blood glucose to amniotic fluid glucose in detecting uterine infection. Gram stain was the best single test and was even better when combined with amniotic fluid glucose levels.

Bacterial infections, Glucose

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