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A survey of zidovudine use in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Article Abstract:

Treatment with zidovudine (AZT) may be safe for pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AZT may not cause birth defects and premature birth in their newborns, but it may cause growth retardation before birth and anemia. A study of 43 HIV-positive women who were treated with 300 to 1,200 milligrams (mg) of AZT per day for different lengths of time during their pregnancies found that most tolerated the treatment well. Only two women suffered side effects. All of the 45 infants (including two sets of twins) were born alive. Birth weight ranged from 1,588 to 4,800 grams (g). Four infants, including one set of twins, were born premature. Two infants who were born full-term experienced retarded growth before birth. Five infants had birth defects, but the 12 infants who were exposed to AZT during the first-trimester of pregnancy did not have any abnormalities. Seven newborns had anemia, but three of these infants were born prematurely.

Fetus, Drug therapy, HIV patients

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Maternal viral load, zidovudine treatment, and the risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from mother to infant

Article Abstract:

Pregnant women who are HIV-positive should be given zidovudine to prevent the transmission of the virus to the infant. In a study of 402 pregnant women, zidovudine lowered the transmission rate from 22.6% in women who took a placebo to 7.6% in those who took zidovudine. Women with greater amounts of virus in their blood were more likely to transmit the virus. However, zidovudine reduced transmission rates independently of its effect on lowering viral counts. It was effective even in women with low viral counts.

Measurement, HIV infections, Disease transmission, Viremia, HIV infection in pregnancy, Viral load

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The relationship of pregnancy to human immunodeficiency virus disease progression

Article Abstract:

Research has been conducted on progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease. The role of pregnancy in the disease progression has been investigated, and the results indicate that repeat pregnancies have no effects on the HIV disease course.

United States, Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences, Science & research, Research and Testing Services, Puerto Rico, Gynecological R&D, Research, Analysis, Complications and side effects, Development and progression, HIV (Viruses), HIV, Obstetrics, Gynecological research

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