Diagnosis and staging of colonic tumors by conventional abdominal sonography as compared with hydrocolonic sonography

Article Abstract:

Hydrocolonic sonography may be more effective than conventional abdominal sonography (ultrasound) for the diagnosis and evaluation of patients with colon cancer. Hydrocolonic sonography is a new diagnostic procedure that involves the instillation of water in the colon. Among 300 patients with symptoms of colon cancer who were examined using both hydrocolonic sonography and abdominal sonography, 29 were diagnosed with colon cancer using colonoscopy. Of the patients who were diagnosed with colon cancer, 28 (97%) were identified using hydrocolonic sonography, compared with 9 (31%) using abdominal sonography. Hydrocolonic sonography detected 25% of the polyps less than seven millimeters (mm) in diameter that were found on colonoscopy, and 91% of those larger than seven mm. None of the polyps were detected by conventional sonography. Hydrocolonic sonography permitted a more detailed image of the colon wall than abdominal sonography, which enabled more precise evaluation of tumors.

Innovations, Colorectal cancer, Tumor staging, Cancer staging, Diagnosis, Ultrasonic, Diagnostic ultrasonography

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Neostigmine for the treatment of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction

Article Abstract:

The drug neostigmine appears to be effective in treating colonic pseudo-obstruction. Colonic pseudo-obstruction occurs when the colon dilates, or becomes larger in diameter, even though there is no physical obstruction. If the dilation becomes big enough, it can perforate the colon. Researchers randomly assigned 21 people with colonic pseudo-obstruction to receive neostigmine or a placebo. Neostigmine inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. All but one of the patients who received the drug had rapid resolution of the pseudo-obstruction, but none of the placebo group had this result. Colonic pseudo-obstruction may occur because of inactivity of the parasympathetic nervous system, which neostigmine stimulates.

Evaluation, Intestines, Intestinal obstruction, Neostigmine

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Case 34-2003: a 45-year-old woman with a family history of colonic polyps and cancer

Article Abstract:

Genetic testing was used to determine that a 45-year-old woman with a family history of intestinal polyps and colorectal cancer did not have the gene mutation that her father and brother had. Both men were found to have multiple polyps in their colon and both had part of the colon surgically removed. Because the woman did not have the mutation, she is unlikely to develop colorectal cancer.

Case studies, Polyposis, Familial, Familial polyposis

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