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Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy for Prevention of Fractures: How Good Is the Evidence?

Article Abstract:

Estrogen is probably not as effective as bisphosphonates in reducing the risk of fracture in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. A woman may have to take estrogen for 10 years to achieve this benefit, but long-term estrogen use may increase her risk of breast cancer.

Author: Cummings, Steven R., Grady, Deborah
Publisher: American Medical Association
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 2001
Editorial

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Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial

Article Abstract:

Hormone replacement therapy can strengthen bones and reduce the risk of bone fractures in postmenopausal women, according to a study of 16,608 women. Three years of treatment increased bone density in the hip by an average of four percent and reduced the risk of bone fracture by 24%. Hormone replacement therapy had no beneficial effect on other health outcomes.

Author: Cummings, Steven R., Cauley, Jane A., LaCroix, Andrea Z., Robbins, John, Watts, Nelson B., Jackson, Rebecca D., Stefanick, Marcia L., Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Pettinger, Mary, McGowan, Joan, Chen, Zhao, Lewis, Cora E., LeBoff, Meryl, Neuner, Joan
Publisher: American Medical Association
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 2003
Bone density, Postmenopausal women, Hormone replacement therapy

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Estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women: effects on cognitive function and dementia

Article Abstract:

Large clinical trials are needed before estrogen can be recommended as a means for postmenopausal women to maintain intellectual function and prevent Alzheimer's disease. Researchers evaluated 27 studies of estrogen and its effect on intellectual function, dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Some studies suggested ways estrogen may preserve intellectual function such as by maintaining blood flow and effecting neurotransmitters. Some studies showed a decreased risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in women taking estrogen, but many were not well-done and need to be repeated.

Author: Grady, Deborah, Yaffe, Kristine, Lieberburg, Ivan, Sawaya, George
Publisher: American Medical Association
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1998
Psychological aspects, Dementia, Alzheimer's disease

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Subjects list: Health aspects, Prevention, Hormone therapy, Estrogen, Estrogens, Fractures (Injuries), Fractures
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