Mrp8 and Mrp14 are endogenous activators of Toll-like receptor 4, promoting lethal, endotoxin-induced shock

Article Abstract:

The new components regulating the inflammatory cascade during sepsis are identified by characterizing the functions of myeloid-related protein-8 (Mrp8, S100A8) and myeloid-related protein-14 (Mrp14, A100A9), two abundant cytoplasmic proteins of phagocytes. The analysis has shown that Mrp8-Mrp14 complexes are new inflammatory components that have amplified phagocyte activation during sepsis upstream of Toll-like receptor [alpha] (TNF[alpha])-dependent effects.

Health aspects, Care and treatment, Diagnosis, Phagocytes, Sepsis

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Activation of [[beta].sub.2]-adrenergic receptor stimulates [gamma]-secretase activity and accelerates amyloid plaque formation

Article Abstract:

A study suggests that activation of [[beta].sub.2]-adrenergic receptor ([[beta].sub.2]-AR) enhances [gamma]-secretase activity resulting in increased A[beta] production. The [[beta].sub.2]-AR activation could stimulate [gamma]-secretase activity and amyloid plaque formation that suggests that abnormal activation of [[beta].sub.2]-AR might contribute to A[beta] accumulation in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis.

China, Beta adrenoceptors, Adrenergic beta receptors

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Increased sensitivity to the stimulant effects of morphine conferred by anti-adhesive glycoprotein SPARC in amygdala

Article Abstract:

Research demonstrates that the locomotor sensitization of the basolateral amygdala is induced by morphine through the secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) glycoprotein in the amygdala. Data further show that mice with no previous morphine exposure show substantial increase in the locomotor activity after SPARC infusion followed by morphine injection.

Japan, Physiological regulation, Locomotion, Endorphins, Amygdala (Brain)

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