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Permethrin for scabies

Article Abstract:

Permethrin, a synthetic chemical used to treat lice and protect against mosquitoes and ticks, has been approved in a 5 percent cream for treating scabies, the infestation with the insect Sarcoptes scabiei. The drug kills lice, mites, and other insects by interfering with the uptake of sodium into the nerves of insects, thereby adversely affecting nerve impulse transmission. In mammals, permethrin is not well absorbed into the skin, and is rapidly broken down and excreted in the urine. Although scabies was commonly treated with lindane, insects have developed resistance to its insecticide effects. In addition, lindane has been reported to cause seizure and death in children after its overuse, exposure to damaged skin, and accidental ingestion. Other agents used to treat scabies include topical preparations or ointments of crotamiton and sulfur. Various studies have shown that 5 percent permethrin is as effective as lindane lotion and more effective than crotamiton cream in treating scabies. Adverse effects of permethrin include worsening of itching, edema or fluid accumulation, and redness, in addition to burning, stinging, and to a lesser extent, rash, numbness, and tingling. The drug is applied as a cream for 8 to 14 hours. The dose and cost of permethrin are described. Since it is safer than lindane, permethrin is considered the drug of choice in treating scabies. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Product/Service Evaluation, Drug therapy, Ectoparasitic infestations, Scabies, Insecticides, Elimite Cream (Medication)

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Differential Permethrin Susceptibility of Head Lice Sampled in the United States and Borneo

Article Abstract:

Pyrethroid formulas with permethrin seem to be effective against head lice (Pediculus capitis) on children who have not been previously treated, but lice become resistant after treatment and permethrin loses its effectiveness on children who have been previously treated. Tests on children in Sabah, Borneo where permethrin has not been marketed, proved that pediculide to be highly effective. Similar tests in the United States showed that the head lice lived longer after application, probably a result of loss of susceptibility from earlier applications. However, use of stronger doses is not recommended, as they could be harmful to the child.

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The adherent cylindrical nit structure and its chemical denaturation in vitro: an assessment with therapeutic implications for head lice

Article Abstract:

The structure of the nits left by head lice consists of complex carbohydrates, meaning that it may be possible to remove these nits by chemical means. As of the present, however, mechanical combing is still the only successful method. Because no substance in use is 100% effective against head lice, schools do not allow the return of children with nits still present in their hair. Tests were made with WD-40, vinegar, acetone, vodka, petrolatum, Clear topical lice egg remover, liquid nitrogen and other substances.

Care and treatment

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