Prophylactic extended-field irradiation of para-aortic lymph nodes in stages IIB and bulky IB and IIA cervical carcinomas: ten-year treatment results of RTOG 79-20
Article Abstract:
Cervical cancer patients treated with extended-field radiation therapy appear to have a higher survival rate than those who receive standard pelvic radiation therapy. Extended-field radiation therapy involves radiation to the pelvis and the lymph nodes around the aorta. Researchers treated 167 cervical cancer patients with standard pelvic radiation therapy and 170 patients with extended-field radiation therapy. At the 10-year follow-up, the survival rate was 55% in women treated with extended-field radiation therapy and 44% in women treated with pelvic radiation therapy. The 10-year cumulative cervical cancer death rate was 30% in women who received extended-field radiation therapy and 41% in women treated with pelvic radiation therapy. Significantly more patients treated with extended radiation therapy experienced severe complications including death. Similar numbers of patients in both treatment groups entered remission. Of these, patients who received extended-field radiation therapy had a lower rate of developing distant metastases.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1995
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Management of clinically localized prostatic cancer: an unresolved problem
Article Abstract:
Treatment of localized prostatic cancer may vary depending on the viewpoint of the patient's physician. The incidence of prostatic cancer is increasing with the aging of the population and longer life expectancy. A research study examined different treatments for localized prostatic cancer in patients between 60 and 75 years old using a decision analysis model. Some patients may benefit from aggressive treatment, but watchful waiting may be a better alternative for many patients. Aggressive treatments include radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy. Radical treatment may not increase life expectancy significantly, especially in older patients or patients with well-differentiated tumors. Another study found that the use of radical prostatectomy has increased since the 1980s. Use varies between different geographical regions and is significantly higher for patients over 75 years old.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1993
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The definition and preoperative prediction of clinically insignificant prostate cancer
Article Abstract:
The determination of whether a man has clinically insignificant prostate cancer should incorporate the volume of the cancer at diagnosis, its grade, its doubling time and the man's life expectancy. Researchers assumed that a clinically insignificant cancer would take up no more than 20 cubic centimeters, or about half, of the total volume of the prostate at the time of death. They calculated the cancer volume at diagnosis that would yield this result based on cancer doubling times of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 years and life expectancy. This model was used on prostate cancer specimens from 337 men. One case would have been clinically insignificant given a doubling time of 2 years, 13 given a doubling time of 3 years, 25 given a doubling time of 4 years, and 49 given a doubling time of 6 years.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1996
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