R5 to X4 switch of the predominant HIV-1 population in cellular reservoirs during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy

Article Abstract:

A longitudinal genotypic analysis of the virus found in cellular reservoirs was conducted in 32 patients with undetectable viral loads on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for investigating whether HIV-1 genetic evolution might lead to changes in virus coreceptor usage during HAART. An R5 to X4 switch in the majority virus population could occur despite of effective HAART, suggesting that potent antiretroviral therapy produces the conditions necessary for the gradual emergence of X4 variants in cellular reservoirs.

United States

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FOXP3 mRNA levels are deceased in peripheral blood CD4(super +) lymphocytes from HIV-positive patients

Article Abstract:

FOXP3 quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry is used to evaluate the impact of HIV infection on regulatory CD4(super +)CD25(super high) (Treg) lymphocyte subpopulations. FOXP3 mRNA levels are found decreased in HIV(super +) patients (n=25) compared with controls (n=17) when expression of CD3gamma or beta-actin.

Science & research, Research, HIV patients, Polymerase chain reaction, Messenger RNA, Lymphocytes

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Cystatin A and HIV-1 p24 antigen expression tonsillar lymphoid follicles during HIV-1 infection and during highly active antiretroviral therapy

Article Abstract:

Cystatin A expression in tonsillar sections from 20 patients at various stages of HIV-1 infection is analyzed. It is found that Cystatin A is a sensitive marker during HIV-1 infection and for regeneration of follicular lymphoid tissue during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Dosage and administration, Antigens

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