Vitamin D supplementation in elderly nursing home residents increases 25(OH)D but not 1,25(OH)2D
Article Abstract:
The metabolism of vitamin D in the elderly may be adversely affected by various factors, and can result in skeletal abnormalities. Previous studies have shown that the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, or 25(OH)D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, or 1,25(OH)2D, and the absorption of calcium from the intestine are decreased in the elderly. Both changes contribute to age-related bone loss and osteoporosis (reduction in bone mass). The effects of vitamin D supplements on the levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D were assessed in 30 elderly nursing home residents. The subjects were given 50 micrograms of vitamin D or a placebo for six weeks. The products of vitamin D metabolism, the levels of parathyroid hormone (which is involved in calcium metabolism), ionized calcium, and bone G1a hormone were monitored. Vitamin D supplements increased blood levels of 25(OH)D, but had no effect on 1,25(OH)2D, ionized calcium, bone G1a hormone, and parathyroid hormone. These findings indicate that vitamin D supplements may increase 25(OH)D, but not 1,25(OH)2D. The long-term effects of vitamin D supplementation require further investigation. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
Publication Name: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0002-9165
Year: 1990
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Combination therapy with colestipol and psyllium mucilloid in patients with hyperlipidemia
Article Abstract:
Halving the usual dosage of colestipol and adding psyllium may be an effective, well tolerated, and cost-effective treatment for patients with high cholesterol. Researchers evaluated the treatment of 105 patients with high cholesterol with either 5 grams (g) of colestipol alone, 5 g of psyllium alone, a combination of 2.5 g of colestipol and 2.5 g of psyllium, or 5 g of placebo. All patients maintained a low-fat diet. Treatment with the combination therapy and colestipol alone both lowered low-density lipoprotein (LDL) blood levels. Combination treatment lowered the ratio of total blood cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) blood levels by 18.2%. Colestipol alone lowered this ratio by 10.6% while psyllium alone lowered the ratio by only 6.1%. Patients taking the combination therapy reported a better quality of life than patients taking the other treatment alternatives. The cost of the combination drugs is half that of colestipol alone.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1995
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Estrogen protection against bone resorbing effects of parathyroid hormone infusion: assessment by use of biochemical markers
Article Abstract:
Estrogen may help prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women by reducing bone sensitivity to parathyroid hormone (PTH). Estrogen is known to inhibit bone loss, but the mechanism is not understood. PTH causes calcium to be released from bone, and may cause bone loss. Previous studies have found that estrogen treatment does not lower PTH levels. PTH was injected into 17 postmenopausal women who were treated with estrogen and 15 postmenopausal women who were not treated with estrogen. Various biochemical markers of bone loss were then measured in the women. Levels of all bone loss markers were slightly higher in women who were not treated with estrogen than in women who were treated. While there were no differences in bone formation between the two groups, estrogen appears to increase the skeleton's resistance to the effects of PTH.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1993
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