The Chinese urban labor system: prospects for reform
Article Abstract:
The international industrial relations literature has devoted little attention to the Chinese experience. Yet, during the last ten years China has adopted a number of labor reforms that represent a significant departure from previous policies. This paper reviews the employment problems that motivated these reforms, describes the nature and limits of these new policies, and analyzes the effect of these reforms to date. Particular attention is devoted to reforms officially implemented in the summer of 1986 that change the "labor system" for nonprofessional workers in the largest enterprises. In theory, the reforms will increase the mobility of these workers between enterprises as well as give employers greater flexibility in making decisions about staffing and termination. The likely success of these policies is evaluated using both secondary sources and a limited survey of Chinese enterprises. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Labor Research
Subject: Human resources and labor relations
ISSN: 0195-3613
Year: 1989
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Skill deficiencies: problems, policies, and prospects
Article Abstract:
What evidence points to a shortage of skills, a condition that keeps the U.S. economy off its "optimum" path? First, the literacy of the job seekers, as surveyed by the Educational Testing Service, is inconsistent with acceptable alternative growth paths as projected in Workforce 2000. Second, data on specific jobs show skill requirements increasing. Third, employers are paying more for higher education and workers with less education are being paid less. Integrating school and work, by applying the findings of the Secretary's Commission on Achhieving Necessary Skills (SCANS), is a way to lessen the shortage, an opportunity likely to be favored by the new administration. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Labor Research
Subject: Human resources and labor relations
ISSN: 0195-3613
Year: 1993
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Welfare reform, dependency reduction, and labor market entry
Article Abstract:
Dependency reduction requires altering the welfare incentive structure: reducing the rewards for nonwork and increasing the rewards for work. Requiring welfare recipients to work in exchange for welfare benefits reduces the attractiveness of welfare and is crucial to dependency reduction. However, most current workfare programs impose minimal requirements on welfare recipients and are ineffectual. This paper proposes methods for improving workfare as well as other reforms. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Labor Research
Subject: Human resources and labor relations
ISSN: 0195-3613
Year: 1993
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