Abstracts

Human resources and labor relations

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Union membership, market structure, and the innovation output of large and small firms

Article Abstract:

The determinants of the extent of union membership, industry concentration, and the innovation output of large firms, and small firms are examined in a simultaneous-equation model. Data for 246 U.S. manufacturing industries are used to determine: (1) that there are significant interdependencies among these endogenous variables; (2) that contrary to recent findings, unionization is significantly lower in industries with high concentration and high innovation output; and (3) that although high unionization modestly reduces small-firm innovation output (as compared with large-firm innovation output), there is not a large difference in the effects of small-firm and large-firm innovation output on the extent of union membership across industries. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, Manufacturing NEC, All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing, Manufacturing industry, Manufacturing industries, Innovations, Small business, Big business, Industrial concentration

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The effect of labor relations climate on the union participation process

Article Abstract:

The effect of labor union member attitudes and behaviors have produced inconsistent results for key relationships in models of union participation. Social information processing theory suggests that a contextual variable, labor relations climate, should systematically influence the attitudinal variables in these models. Our meta-analysis shows that labor relations climate moderates four or five key relationships. Consequently, theory on union member participation should be altered to reflect the recent emergence of less adversarial union-management relationships. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

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Employer unfair labor practices and union organizing activity: a simultaneous equation model

Article Abstract:

A model is estimated that simultaneously determines the extent of alleged employer unfair labor practices and the outcomes of union organizing activity using biennial, state-level data for 1968-1982. The results suggest that employers are unlikely to use ULPs as a union avoidance strategy when unions are expected to win representation elections and that the extent of employer ULPs depends on legislative, industrial relations, and workplace characteristics within a state. ULPs also increase the likelihood that workers will choose union representation. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Unfair labor practices, Unionization

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