Planning the future of the Middle Rio Grande Bosque: preserving the river through a revival of public deliberative democracy

Article Abstract:

The Rio Grande Bosque Conservation Committee, appointed in 1991, might have succeeded in implementing its recommendations to preserve the Middle Rio Grande Bosque if it had used the Kettering Foundations's National Issues Forum model for reviving deliberative democracy. The model calls for framing the issue, developing broad policy alternatives, structuring a public forum process to present problems and show tolerance for various points of view, and thus allowing the formation of a public voice. Using the model could have helped the committee explain the complexity of the Bosque's cultural, environmental, and historical issues.

Models, Protection and preservation, Political participation, Rio Grande

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Arsenic and old lace: the EPA should not have approved a water quality standard for arsenic that is below natural background levels

Article Abstract:

The US District Court for New Mexico ruled in City of Albuquerque v. Browner that the EPA's water quality standard for arsenic levels in the Rio Grande River was valid, but the ruling ignored Clean Water Act and administrative procedures which showed the EPA's decision exceeded its scope. The EPA incorporated the Isleta Indian Pueblo's water standard, which required arsenic levels to be below naturally occurring levels, into Albuquerque's discharge permit. Because it is not possible for the city to reduce the naturally occurring arsenic, the EPA's standard should never have been approved.

Cases, Administrative procedure, Case Note, Water quality, Groundwater flow, Arsenic

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