World court delivers opinion on legality of nuclear weapons use

Article Abstract:

The International Court of Justice has ruled that the use of nuclear weapons should be consistent with international laws governing armed conflicts. Deliberating on the legitimacy of nuclear weapons use, the Court was unable to establish the legality or otherwise of nuclear weapons use in extreme situations of self-defence, as provided for in the UN Charter. However, the Court declared the use of nuclear weapons as generally illegal. This opinion has elicited a positive reaction from the international community.

Analysis, Usage, Laws, regulations and rules, Weapons, Nuclear weapons, International Court of Justice (The Hague, Netherlands), Self-defense (International law), Self defense (International law)

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South Africa's nuclear weapons program: from deterrence to dismantlement

Article Abstract:

The history of South Africa's nuclear weapons program can provide insight into the politics behind national nuclear weapons policies. South Africa is the only signatory-country in the Treaty on NonProliferation of Nuclear Weapons that voluntarily discontinued its nuclear capabilitybefore signing the agreement. Lessons from its weapons program include the need to abate regional tensions, the impact provided by political will and understanding the balance between international engagement and isolation.

South Africa, Political aspects, Military policy, Nuclear disarmament

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The risks of further nuclear testing in South Asia

Article Abstract:

Following the May 1998 nuclear explosive tests both Indian and Pakistani governments expressed willingness to join the Comprehensive Test ban Treaty (CTBT), and announced a moratoria on further testing. It may be that India and Pakistan have already obtained tested designs or significant test dat from other sources, or that they feel the need to exercise restraint due to the high costs of engaging in explosive testing to their relations with other states.

Testing, Pakistani foreign relations, Indian foreign relations, India, Pakistan, Nuclear explosions

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