The concept of autogynephilia and the typology of male gender dysphoria
Article Abstract:
The term gender dysphoria refers to a persistent sense of discontent with one's biological sex. Transsexualism is thought of as being at the extreme end of gender dysphoria, and includes the wish to be rid of one's own genitals and to live as a member of the opposite sex. In order to test the theory that gender-dysphoric men who are not sexually excited by other men (homosexual) tend to be sexually excited by the image or fantasy of themselves as women (autogynephilia), 212 male transsexuals (average age of 30.3 years) were studied. The transsexuals were divided into four groups: homosexual, bisexual, heterosexual, and those who exhibited sexual indifference for others of either sex but were capable of self-stimulation (analloerotic). Factor analysis of previously developed self-report scales, designed to assess various aspects of sexuality, resulted in the formulation of the autogynephilia scale used in this study. Analysis of the data revealed that all three of the nonhomosexual groups engaged in significantly more autogynephilic behavior than the homosexual group. The average score of the bisexual group was significantly higher than that of the analloerotics. There were no differences between groups in relation to the sexual fantasy of receiving admiration for being a woman. Although findings indicate that nonhomosexual gender dysphoria is characterized by a tendency towards sexual arousal in association with the fantasy of being a woman, the reliability and validity of the autogynephilia measure used by this study require further evaluation. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
Publication Name: Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
Subject: Psychology and mental health
ISSN: 0022-3018
Year: 1989
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Genetic analyses of mammalian ear development
Article Abstract:
Developmental abnormalities of auditory receptors are associated with peripheral pigment dysplasias. These syndromes have different genetic bases and variable times of auditory receptor degeneration. Splotch mice with partial deletion of the Pax-3 gene have abnormal coat pigmentation and inner ear receptor development. The autosomal dominant Waardenburg's syndrome, affects the HuP2 gene and is associated with a white forelock and auditory sensory receptor maldevelopment. Disruption of the Hox-1.6 gene results in defects of the inner ear and certain cranial nerve components. Defective embryonic tissue interactions may have caused these syndromes.
Publication Name: Trends in Neurosciences
Subject: Psychology and mental health
ISSN: 0166-2236
Year: 1992
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