Invasion of the zebra mussels

Article Abstract:

Zebra Mussels are creating problems for industrial plants with raw-water intakes and pumping operations. They are clinging tightly to surfaces, clogging openings, or ruining the aesthetics. In Europe, water intakes are designed shorter or deeper to discourage mussel colonies. In the US, chlorination is the most common treatment. However, when organic material reacts with chlorine it causes carcinogens. Some experts recommend using potassium permanganate.

Management, Zebra mussels, Zebra mussel

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Snapshots of Alien Worlds--The Future of Interferometry

Article Abstract:

Extrasolar planets have been detected by observations of parent stars. The observations seem valid, but it will not be possible to detect the planets themselves, except as a faint dot that will provide no information about continents, or other physical features. Such images will probably have to be gathered by the use of optical and infrared interferometry.

Usage, Innovations, Astronomy, Observations, Planets, Interferometry

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Alien invasion

Article Abstract:

A description is presented of a number of common weeds which can be found growing in gardens. The dandelion, tumbleweed, black mustard and Japanese vine kudzu are discussed. The historical import of weeds by colonists is discussed.

Environmental aspects, Plants, Plants (Organisms), Growth, Weeds

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