Smoke-free America is healthier America

Article Abstract:

Among Americans of 20 years and older, cigarette smoking has been declining at a rate of 0.5% each year since 1965 but more than 25% of adults over 18 smoke. It has also been estimated that smoking rates for women will exceed men by late 1990s as decline in smoking has been much slower than men. Smoking has been more prevalent among people with less formal education. In 1993, rate of smoking among high-school educated or less has been 29% as compared to 13.5% for college graduates.

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Cancer research and women's health

Article Abstract:

The budget for research of cancers which afflict women has increased over the years in United States. In 1985, total budget for such cancer research was $72.4 million which increased to $276 million in 1993. In 1993, about 250,000 American women died of cancer of which breast cancer alone caused 46,000 deaths. For women over forty, breast cancer is the foremost cause of death. However, the death-rate due to breast cancer fell by 4.7% between 1989 and 1992.

Women, Women's health

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Disruptive behavior

Article Abstract:

A number of research studies have indicated that environmental chemicals which disrupt hormonal functions are probably linked to increasing rates of male sterility and breast cancer. However, humans are also exposed to much larger doses of estrogenic and estrogen-inhibiting compounds in food including phytoestrogens which are found in plants. The interactions between the natural chemicals and environmental chemicals are not yet clearly understood.

Chemicals, Physiological aspects, Hormones, Pollutants, Infertility

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