Abstracts » Seniors

Aging and individual differences in the development of skilled memory search performance

Article Abstract:

The nature of automaticity qualitatively differs between memory search and visual search, but is invariant between young and old individuals. A study assessing memory search performance of old and young people shows expected patterns of substantial improvement in memory search intercepts and slopes in consistently mapped (CM) conditions. However, the improvement is relatively less in varied mapping (VM) conditions. Semantic Memory Access Speed factor is highly correlated with unskilled CM and VM memory search, while General Intelligence has moderate correlation.

Aging, Individual differences, Individual differences (Psychology)

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Understanding performance and learning in consistent memory search: an age-related perspective

Article Abstract:

Age differences in the performance of memory search tasks were determined. Subjects were composed of young and old persons who were trained for 5,640 trials of consistent mapping (CM) and varied mapping (VM) memory search. Results showed that younger adults were faster than older adults in deciding for VM memory search and exhibited lower VM slopes as a function of memory-set size, even after prolonged practice. However, both groups showed significant changes in CM memory search performance.

Youth, Children's memory, Mnemonics, Memory in old age, Old age memory, Memory in youth

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Age-related retention of skilled memory search: examination of associative learning, interference, and task-specific skills

Article Abstract:

The ability of young and older adults to retain memory search skills acquired in a training program is tested after either a three-month or a six-month time lapse. Consistent-mapping training enables a person to always process stimuli in the same way. The complex pattern of the test results indicate the inability of a single-mechanism model to substantially explain the effect of age on memory retention.

Adults, Interference (Perception), Paired-association learning, Paired associate learning

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