Estrogen replacement therapy and MRI-demonstrated cerebral infarcts, white matter changes, and brain atrophy in older women: the Cardiovascular Health Study

Article Abstract:

A population-based prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) has been carried out in relation to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-demonstrated cerebral infarcts, brain atrophy and white matter changes in older women. Data is from the Cardiovascular Health Study. It was concluded that current ERT users had much more clinically significant central atrophy than nonusers, but the implications are unclear. Brain function was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

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Estrogen replacement therapy, cognition, and cerebral changes by MRI in the Cardiovascular Health Study

Article Abstract:

Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), cognition, and cerebral changes have been studied in the Cardiovascular Health Study using MRI, and findings are discussed in this editorial article. The findings seem to defy explanation, almost, and point up the difficulties in trying to explain implications of self-reported ERT use with changes in the brain seen with MRI. When cognitive functioning is tested with a fairly insensitive tool it is even harder to find significance. An odd disjoint is seen between brain structural changes and function, measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The ultimate measure is function, which would be addressed by randomized controlled trials of size and duration needed for measurement. Two trials of that type are underway and they are discussed.

Editorial

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Factors related to sleep disturbance in older adults experiencing knee pain or knee pain with radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis

Article Abstract:

Older adults having knee pain or knee pain with radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis are discussed relative to sleep disturbance. In a baseline an observational prospective study 429 men and women older than 64 were considered. Sleep disturbance is best understood through considering demographic, physical functioning, pain, physical health, and psychosocial variables. Interventions taking into account the multifactorial nature of sleep disturbance in the circumstances considered are most likely to be effective.

Care and treatment, Statistical Data Included, Research, Causes of, Complications and side effects, Pain, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Sleep, Geriatrics, Sleep disorders, Arthritics

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