The relative influence of intelligence and age on everyday memory
Article Abstract:
Aging has been associated with declines in some areas of cognitive ability such as simple reaction time, but not in others, such as memory for known facts. Performance on intelligence tests also decreases with age for certain types of intelligence, namely fluid intelligence (mental flexibility), but not for intelligence related to wisdom. Everyday memory functioning is imperative for everyday competence. Rabbtt has hypothesized that decreased fluid intelligence is directly associated with decreased everyday memory. This study examined the effects of aging and intelligence on everyday memory. A battery of tests was given to 94 elderly subjects between the ages of 70 and 93 years. These tests included the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT), which was designed to measure everyday memory functioning in the elderly. Results showed that scores for fluid intelligence were good predictors of everyday competency in older people. However, age was found to be significantly related to competency, independent of the effects of intelligence. Among subjects with similar scores for fluid intelligence, the older individuals tended to have more difficulty with everyday memory than the younger subjects. These results indicate that fluid intelligence as presently measured is not the best indicator of everyday competence, and that a decline in some cognitive factor related to aging is involved as well. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
Publication Name: Journals of Gerontology
Subject: Seniors
ISSN: 0022-1422
Year: 1991
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Event-related potential correlates of repetition priming and stimulus classification in young, middle-aged, and older adults
Article Abstract:
The relationship of event-related potential (ERP) responses, repetition priming andaging were studied in young, middle-aged and older female adults using orthographic and semantic stimulus classification tasks. There were similar patterns of behavioral and ERP responses associated with stimulus classification and item repetition in the three age groups. Greater amplitude ERPs and faster reaction times were elicited to repeated words than words at first presentation. Primed items also elicited greater ERP amplitudes and faster reaction times. Thus, processes associated with repetition priming and stimulus classification are preserved with age.
Publication Name: Journals of Gerontology
Subject: Seniors
ISSN: 0022-1422
Year: 1992
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Age differences in cognitive performance in later life: relationships to self-reported health and activity life style
Article Abstract:
The predictive value of self-reported physical health, substance use, and activity life style and performance was evaluated when compared with cognitive performance measures in 484 men and women from ages 55 to 86 years. Results showed that individual differences in participation in everyday activities and age differences had influenced cognitive measures. Self-reported health was found to be more predictive of information processing variables than knowledge based abilities.
Publication Name: Journals of Gerontology
Subject: Seniors
ISSN: 0022-1422
Year: 1993
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