Assimilation and contrast effects in performance ratings: effects of rating the previous performance on rating subsequent performance
Article Abstract:
This study examined the effects of rating previous performance on ratings of subsequent performance. Participants (N=214) reviewed a performance script depicting either good or poor performance and then reviewed and rated another script depicting average subsequent performance. Approximately half of the participants rated the previous performance immediately after reviewing it, and the other half did not rate the previous performance. As expected, a Performance Level x Existence of Ratings interaction was found. When they had not rated the previous performance, raters were biased in favor of recalling behaviors consistent with their previous impressions, suggesting an assimilation effect. However, when they had rated the previous performance, raters provided ratings inconsistent with their previous ratings, suggesting a contrast effect. These effects were stronger for ratings from a behavioral expectation scale than for those from an ability rating scale. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1996
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Target the tube: the high cost of TV, not just the money, corrupts our politics
Article Abstract:
A reform of the campaign finance laws is not the issue since money does talk. The Supreme Court ruled in 1974 that money was the equivalent of speech and was protected by the First Amendment. Therefore making television cheap and accessible to all candidates would be a sensible thing to do.
Publication Name: The New York Times Magazine
Subject:
ISSN: 0028-7822
Year: 1996
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The need for speed
Article Abstract:
Jeff Gordon, the 1995 winner of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) championship, began competing early in life. At 3, he raced bicycles. He won two national championship racing quarter-midgets, little racing cars with lawn-mower-size engines.
Publication Name: Boys' Life
Subject: General interest
ISSN: 0006-8608
Year: 1996
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