Subdural empyema after endoscopic sclerotherapy
Article Abstract:
Endoscopic sclerotherapy involves the introduction and manipulation of an endoscope, a device that permits the surgeon to visualize and manipulate internal organs for the treatment of various disorders, such as hemorrhages of the esophagus. Certain complications can occur with endoscopic sclerotherapy; one of the most common problems is serious infection. Following endoscopic sclerotherapy, a patient developed a subdural empyema (a large accumulation of pus beneath the external membranous covering of the brain, the dura). This infection was caused by streptococcal bacteria. The authors believe that the patient's infection was exacerbated by a subclinical subdural hematoma (asymptomatic bleeding under the dura) that the patient may have sustained in a car accident six months before this hospital admission. The hematoma was seeded with the streptococcal bacteria as a result of the endoscopic sclerotherapy, and resulted in the patient's subdural empyema. This theory is consistent with the fact that subdural empyema is a rare but serious infection that is often caused by the spread of a contiguous infection. It has also been known to be a complication of accidental or surgical trauma. Among its symptoms are fever, headache, altered mental state and abnormal neurological signs. Mortality rates of 15 to 40 percent have been reported. Survivors of subdural empyema may be left with serious motor and sensory impairment, requiring long-term rehabilitation. Drainage of the infection should be carried out as soon as possible and treatment with intravenous antibiotics and corticosteroids should be initiated.
Publication Name: American Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health care industry
ISSN: 0002-9343
Year: 1989
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Its cool to be cool
Article Abstract:
Air conditioning is becoming more widely used in smaller properties and electrical contractors can win business installing systems. Guidance is provided by the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers which also runs courses for installers. Air conditioning is not always necessary, in some buildings mechanical ventilation will be adequate. However in those where it is necessary, plant can be either centralised or packaged and distributed. In split systems condensers and evaporators are separate and variable refrigerant volume enables packaged systems to mimic the features of centralised installations.
Publication Name: Electrical Contractor
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0308-7174
Year: 1993
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Brenda Villa 1980
Article Abstract:
A short description on the life experiences, and career of Brenda Villa, an American water polo player with reference to her contribution towards the sports in which she is a professional is presented. Her achievements include Best Young Female Player in the World (Water Polo): 1998, Women's Water Polo World Championship (2003), and Women's Water Polo World Cup (2002).
Publication Name: Biography Today
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 1058-2347
Year: 2006
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