Do you have to start at the top? The chief executive officer's role in successful organization development efforts
Article Abstract:
The central role of the chief executive officer (CEO) in an organization development project is illustrated by two different CEOs in a medium-sized medical center during a 4-year period. Organization climate, nursing turnover, net profits, and market share data showed no significant improvement during the first 2 years but improved during the second 2-year period. The other critical variables - the consultant, the design of the project, the number of days the consultant spent in the organization, the general approach to delivering patient services, the medical staff, the economy, the medical job markets, and the organizational population - all remained approximately the same during the 4-year period. Results from questionnaire and interview data attribute both the negative results during the first 2 years and the positive results during the second to the person who filled the role of the CEO. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-8863
Year: 1995
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Actionable knowledge: design causality in the service of consequential theory
Article Abstract:
Knowledge produced by empirical research can have external validity, which means it is relevant to the everyday world. Actionable knowledge is that knowledge required to implement the external validity (relevance) in that world. The claim is made that the concept of causality that underlies much rigorous empirical research makes it difficult to transform knowledge with high external validity into actionable knowledge. Moreover, this concept of causality can lead to knowledge that, if made actionable, could inhibit learning and, in some cases, produce undesirable unethical consequences. A different concept of causality is proposed that enhances actionability. Design causality is defined and how it can be implemented is illustrated. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-8863
Year: 1996
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