Power relinquishment versus power sharing: theoretical clarification and empirical comparison of delegation and participation
Article Abstract:
This article presents a theoretical and empirical comparison of delegation and participation. Although the two processes have sometimes been treated as interchangeable, delegation and participation have evolved from two different theoretical perspectives and are used by managers under different sets of conditions. Two studies are reported that examined these differences. The experimental study examined situational factors in Vroom and Yetton's (1973) leadership model that predict differences in managers' reported preferences for delegation or participation. Results indicated that decision importance, subordinate information, and subordinate goal congruence explained 23% of the variance in managers' preferences. The correlational study examined similar situational predictors of supervisors' reported use of delegation and participation with subordinates. These results largely confirmed the findings of the experimental study and also showed supervisor workload as a significant predictor. In addition, objective measures of subordinate performance significantly correlated with the use of delegation but not with participation. The implications of the findings for research on participative decision making are discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1987
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
Nurse turnover as reasoned action: development of a process model
Article Abstract:
We used the theory of reasoned action to build a model of nurse turnover. Based primarily on the theory, a questionnaire was constructed and administered to 1,835 registered nurses. Six months after the questionnaires were completed, we obtained status information (remained or resigned) for those nurses who returned useable questionnaires. For status, differential intention was the only significant predictor. The significant predictors of differential intention were differential attitude, differential subjective norm, and differential moral obligation. For the combination of all predictors, R squared equals .32 for status, and R squared equals .68 for differential intention. These findings held up under replication procedures. Additional findings suggested potential modifications of the theory of reasoned action and the methodology used to validate its principles. Overall, the theory demonstrated its usefulness both from conceptual and applied perspectives. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1987
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
Multiple spans in transcription typing
Article Abstract:
Transcription typing has been postulated to consist of four components involving (a) input of chunks from the source text, (b) parsing of the chunks into discrete characters, (c) translation of the characters into movement specifications, and then (d) execution of those specifications in the form of keystroke responses. This multicomponent perspective on typing implies that it should be possible to identify distinct measures of anticipatory processing that correspond to the different processing components or spans. This prediction was tested, and largely confirmed, in three studies in which typists were administered a variety of experimental tasks to obtain span measures corresponding to the extent of anticipatory processing in different components of typing. As expected, the spans became progressively smaller as the hypothesized processing moved from input (with an average span of 8.1 characters) to execution (with an average span of only 1.4 characters.) (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1987
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
- Abstracts: Pay, Equity, job gratifications, and comparisons in pay satisfaction
- Abstracts: Perceived organizational support and employee diligence, commitment, and innovation. Employee participation in a quality circle program: impact on quality of work life, productivity, and absenteeism
- Abstracts: Work-sample tests of trainability: a meta-analysis. Impact of early socialization on union commitment and participation: a longitudinal study
- Abstracts: A revision of the job diagnostic survey: elimination of a measurement artifact. The effects of job description content on job evaluation judgments
- Abstracts: Models of cooperative group decision-making and relative influence: an experimental investigation of family purchase decisions