Pregnant managers and their subordinates: the effects of gender expectations on hierarchical relationships
Article Abstract:
A simulation of workplace conflict examined the effects of a manager's pregnancy on male and female subordinates. Study participants - 40 women and 41 men from an MBA program - each took part in two ten-minute long, videotaped, interactive role plays with two women managers (research confederates), one apparently pregnant and the other not. The participants' impressions of the managers were tapped using an author-developed questionnaire and brief interviews. Interactive data were analyzed to determine the nature of the expression of emotion and ideas. The results show that participants had more negative impressions of and lower satisfaction with the pregnant manager than with the manager who was not pregnant, and initiated more social conversations with the former than with the latter. Interview data suggest that participants had expected the pregnant manager to be passive, nice, and giving, and were surprised by her authoritative behavior. Implications for pregnant managers and limitations of the study are discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-8863
Year: 1990
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Managing diversity: translating anthropological insight for organization studies
Article Abstract:
Anthropologists working in the field of organization studies experience difficulty explaining their unique perspective to managers, organization studies specialists, and consultants. The two fields of organization studies and anthropology view organizations from two different paradigms, and this paradigm difference leads to the misunderstanding when similar terminology is used. The purpose of this article is to translate between the field of anthropology and organization studies using an anthropological approach to translation. This translation will prove useful in exploring anthropological and organization studies approaches to managing diversity. Several salient differences are discussed in this article including definitions of "organization" and "culture," management-centric versus culturally relative research emphases, the anthropological distinction between "ideal" and "real" cultures, and methodological distinctions between "emic" and "etic" and between quantitative and qualitative approaches. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-8863
Year: 1995
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Intellectual, ideological, and political obstacles to the advancement of organizational science
Article Abstract:
This article contends that scientific inquiry is the proper vehicle for examining organizational dynamics and promoting organizational effectiveness. However, there are two sets of obstacles that hinder the development of a science of organizations. One set involves the influence of academic ideologies such as behaviorism, humanistic psychology, and postmodernist deconstruction. The other set reflects the reluctance of organizations to alter their practices based on the results of empirical research. We conclude the article with an example of a successful organizational intervention that exemplifies the main themes of the article. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-8863
Year: 1996
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