Technological cooperative agreements and firm's R&D intensity: a note on causality relations

Article Abstract:

The Granger causality relationships between research and development (R&D) operations and R&D partnerships is examined in 95 European, U.S. and Japanese business enterprises during the time span 1980-86. The business operations are on data processing, semiconductor and telecommunications. Results of the analysis using a modified bivariate vector autoregressions model dispel the common notion that the two factors are mutually exclusive and, in fact, are interdependent. A simultaneous two-equation structural model is also recommended for future empirical analysis on the subject.

Administration of General Economic Programs, Technology Agreements, Trade agreements, Research and development partnership, Research and development partnerships

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Decentralized R&D and strategic competitiveness: Globalised approaches to generation and use of technology in multinational enterprises (MNEs)

Article Abstract:

R&D facilities of multinational firms in the UK have shifted from their previous concentration on molding their products to suit local markets to enhanced focus on strategic competitiveness. The latter prioritizes original product development and research on the firms' core technologies. Thus, these R&D facilities have attained more autonomy to indulge in product development rather than on simply adapting technologies. This development has also influenced firms to take an interdependent approach, rather than dependent approach, to technology initiatives.

Product Development, Technological innovations

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Firm size, opportunities for adaptation and in-house R&D activity in developing countries: the case of Indian manufacturing

Article Abstract:

The probability and intensity of undertaking research and development (R&D) projects by Indian firms can be determined from company size. Using the Probit and Tobit models, the probability of venturing into R&D activity increases with firm size; but only up to a certain level, after which the probability decreases. Once a R&D unit is created, the intensity of R&D expenses increases with firm size. However, lack of competition and government restrictions dissuade firms from embarking into R&D.

India

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