Abstracts » Sociology and social work

Behavioral momentum in computer-presented discriminations in individuals with severe mental retardation

Article Abstract:

This study examines behavioral momentum in two mentally disabled adults by using a computer-based discrimination task and variable reinforcement schedules using snacks as rewards. Findings indicate that the reinforcer rate for the discrimination task directly influenced behavioral momentum and resistance to change in both subjects.

United States, Psychological aspects, Statistical Data Included, Usage, Computers, Digital computers, Human behavior, Reinforcement (Psychology), Mentally disabled persons, Change (Psychology)

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Units of analysis and the environmental control of behavior

Article Abstract:

A historical view that directly sets perspective to the present debate on Donahoe, Palmer, and Burgos' stand led to the discovery of parallelism between the argument presented by Ray and Sidman and the works of Donahoe et al. However, weak spots which greatly affect the position claimed by Donahoe's group were pointed out. Suggestion with regards to the use of S-R issue as the beginning of their article, instead of 'units of analysis' or 'levels of analysis'was emphasized.

Analysis, Operant behavior, Operant conditioning, Neural stimulation

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Reinforcer frequency and restricted stimulus control

Article Abstract:

Research shows that the restricted stimulus control using delayed identity matching-to-sample techniques depends on reinforcer frequency. Comparison history trials are discussed. Average obtained reinforcer rates are obtained. Further research is required to establish whether reinforcement history manipulation can help stimulus over-selectivity.

Mental retardation, Stimulus generalization

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