The local community: maker of culture and wealth

Article Abstract:

A synthesis of the urban regime theory, new institutionalism in political science and the social embeddedness and culturalist arguments presents a guide toward a new understanding of local regimes. Both politics and culture play a role in the formation of different images of the regime, or city, and its experience with growth. A regime's economic policy is thus shaped by fiscal pressures, current method of capital accumulation, community social structure and the values shared by the ruling group. Culture and social structures link to shape and foster a regime's unique way of life.

Urban economics, Culture

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THE ORIGINS AND GLOBALIZATION OF TRAFFIC CONTROL SIGNALS

Article Abstract:

Traffic control systems, while apparently depending on physical elements, impose a strong social control over human movement. Traffic engineers soon came to realize manipulating behavioral patterns was a greater challenge than designing the control mechanisms. Traffic signals increased precisely as the number of automobiles rose. Traffic lights developed a standard design largely for political reasons, since they were cheaper than police control, yet only city planning and road construction made traffic control ultimately possible.

Traffic engineering

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WATER SUPPLY, WASTE DISPOSAL, AND THE CULTURE OF PRIVATISM IN THE MID-NINETEENTH-CENTURY AMERICAN CITY

Article Abstract:

Most urban Americans in the mid-19th century had no access to centrally managed waterworks. Privies, cisterns, cesspools and wells were the most common means of water supply and waste disposal. This situation radically altered by 1875 through the passage of plumbing codes, proliferation of central waterworks, and the construction of water-carrying sewer systems.

United States, History, Water-supply, Water supply, Sanitation

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