Decreased lesion formation in CCR2-/- mice reveals a role for chemokines in the initiation of atherosclerosis

Article Abstract:

Cytokines are small particles secreted by a stimulated cell that cause physiological changes in certain other cells. Chemotactic cytokines, known as chemokines, are important mediators of white blood cell movement but may also be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. A new study provides direct evidence that the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is involved in the development of atherosclerotic lesions in mice. Those lacking the MCP-1 receptor, CCR2, are protected against the formation of atherosclerotic lesions.

Genetic aspects, Cytokines, Atherosclerosis, Cellular immunity

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Chemokines and HIV replication

Article Abstract:

The beta chemokines RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta exhibit antiviral activity in T-cells but stimulate the replication of primary HIV-1 strains in macrophages. The ability of beta chemokine peptides to inhibit or simulate the replication of HIV-1 virus depends upon the cell type. Difference in the nature of the co-receptor, which does not bind to beta chemokine receptor, is responsible for the infection of macrophages. HIV infection in monocytes stimulates the beta-chemokine expression that acts as the immune system.

Prevention, HIV infection, HIV infections, Observations, Macrophages

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NLRX1 is a regulator of mitochondrial antiviral immunity

Article Abstract:

The interaction of human NLRX1, a highly conserved nucleotide-binding domain (NBD)- and leucine-rich-repeat (LRR), which is localized in mitochondrial outer membrane with mitochondrial antiviral signalling adaptors MAVS is described. The results identified NLRX1 as a regulator of pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptors, which could be applied as a key therapeutic target for enhancing antiviral responses.

Science & research, Mitochondrial myopathies, Antiviral agent structure-activity relationships

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