Insertional mutagenesis and rapid cloning of essential genes in zebrafish

Article Abstract:

An insertional mutagenesis technique in zebrafish, employing a retroviral vector, allows rapid cloning of vertebrate genes essential for embryogenesis. In two insertional mutants, proviruses have inserted into and disrupted highly conserved genes that are essential for the embryogenesis. One of these, no arches, is important for normal pharyngeal arch development and the other, clipper, encodes a novel type of ribonuclease. The screening method can be used to clone several genes influencing vertebrate cellular and developmental processes.

Observations, Cloning, Ichthyological research, Ichthyology, Mutagenesis

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Initiation of vertebrate left-right axis formation by maternal Vg1

Article Abstract:

The Xenopus maternal gene, Vg1, is a member of the TGF-beta family of cell signalling family that initiates the vertebrate left-right axis formation during embryogenesis. Disruption of endogenous Vg1 signalling on the left side alters the cardiac and visceral left-right orientation and changes the expression of Xnr-1 gene. The orientation of the left-right axis in conjoined twins depends on the cell-signaling molecule that initiates twin formation and on the position of the secondary axis with respect to the primary embryonic axis.

Gene expression

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A non-muscle myosin required for embryonic polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans

Article Abstract:

A non-muscle myosin II heavy chain, NMY-2, is essential for establishing embryonic polarity and for asymmetrical localization of the PAR-1, PAR-2 and PAR-3 proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans. NMY-2 binds to the PAR-1 protein, which is a putative Ser/Thr protein kinase. The nmy-2 antisense RNA in the ovaries of adult worms leads to defective embryonic partitioning and mislocalized PAR proteins.

Analysis, Caenorhabditis elegans, Polarity (Biology), Myosin

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