Lightning-induced intensification of the ionospheric sporadic E layer

Article Abstract:

A statistically significant intensification and descent in altitude of the mid-altitude sporadic E layer directly above thunderstorms is identified. The results revealed that this localized intensification of the sporadic E layer could be attributed to lightning because of no ionospheric response to low-pressure systems.

Author: Davis, C.J., Johnson, C.G.
Publisher: Macmillan Publishing Ltd.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2005
United States, Environmental aspects, Thunderstorms, Low pressure systems (Meteorology), Ionospheric research

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Transforming growth factor-beta induces development of the [T.sub.H]17

Article Abstract:

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was identified as a cytokine critical for commitment to the T-helper-17 {[T.sub.H]17} development. It was found that TGF-beta facilitates pro-inflammatory responses by promoting [T.sub.H]17 development.

Author: Wahl, Sharon M., Elson, Charles O., Mangan, Paul R., Harrington, Laurie E., O'Quinn, Darrell B., Helms, Whitney S., Bullard, Daniel C., Hatton, Robin D., Schoeb, Trenton R., Weaver, Casey T.
Publisher: Macmillan Publishing Ltd.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2006
Analysis, Cell differentiation, T cells, Transforming growth factors

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Subjects list: Research
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