Ecology of breastfeeding in the United States: an applied perspective

Article Abstract:

In the United States breastfeeding initiation and duration have gone in cycles and rates in the late 1990s are still short of the optimum from the public health point ot view. Human biologists, from the point of view of ecology of breastfeeding, have a potential role in enhancing its promotion. Biologists have a different conceptual model of breastfeeding from that of policy makers and public health professionals. An integrated model would take in sociodemographic factors as well as anthropological research, vocabulary and research expansion.

Social aspects, United States, Practice, Social policy, Biologists, Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Food and nutrition, Public health, Infants, Health promotion, Public relations, Lactation, Social economics, Socioeconomics, Breast milk, Ecological research, Ecology, Anthropological research, Mother and infant, Mother-infant relations

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Bacterial toxins and enteral feeding of premature infants at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis

Article Abstract:

In the preterm infant bacterial translocation and enteral feeding are factors in the development of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In a study of 60 infants admitted to a neonatal intensitive care unit and followed to evaluate roles of bacterial endotoxins and enteral feeding, no breastfed infant progressed to Stage II or Stage III of the disease. Gut barrier function may be harmed by overgrowth of bacteria that produce toxin and by toxin products.

Care and treatment, Physiological aspects, Infants (Premature), Birth weight, Low, Premature infants, Low birth weight, Neonatal intensive care, Observations, Bacterial toxins, Enteral feeding, Enteral nutrition, Infant formulas, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Intestinal mucosa, Enterocolitis, Neonatal necrotizing

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