Computation of the electrical double layer properties of semipermeable membranes in multicomponent electrolytes

Article Abstract:

A solution procedure to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation for computing the electrical double layer properties of semipermeable microbial membranes was described. Surface charging data for bacterial membranes were utilized to examine all ions in the calculation of surface and Donnan potentials for the membranes in multicomponent electrolytes. Results showed that trace amounts of divalent and trivalent cations at very low concentrations have considerable effects on the calculated surface and Donnan potentials.

Models, Ion exchange membranes, Ions, Electrolyte metabolism, Surface chemistry, Ion-permeable membranes

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Two structural transitions in membrane pore formation by pneumolysin, the pore-forming toxin of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to determine the structure of soluble pneumolysin monomers that are produced by the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. Using cryo-electron microscopy, the three-dimensional structure of a helical oligomer of pneumolysin and of a membrane-bound ring form was revealed. The diameter of the helical form was estimated to be at 41 subunits per turn while a number of subunits per ring was observed to be in the range of 40-50.

Physiological aspects, Electron microscopy, Pathogenic microorganisms, Microbial toxins, Streptococcus pneumoniae

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Rapid methods for testing the efficacy of sterilization-grade filter membranes

Article Abstract:

Researchers created a rapid technique to test pharmaceutical-grade filter membranes using recombinant Brevundimonas diminuta carrying genes for bacterial luciferase or green fluorescent protein. These filters are used to sterilize heat-labile compounds such as insulin, which would be destroyed by autoclaving.

Evaluation, Pharmaceutical industry, Equipment and supplies, Filters (Separation)

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