Homozygous defect in HIV-1 coreceptor accounts for resistance of some multiply-exposed individuals to HIV-1 infection

Article Abstract:

A study of two individuals who have been exposed several times to HIV-1 but have remained uninfected shows that their CD4 T-cells are not only resistant to the in vitro entry of primary macrophagetropic viruses but highly susceptible to transformed T-cell line adapted viruses. A genetic study of these findings indicates that the cells have homozygous defects in CKR-5, the gene encoding the HIV-1 coreceptor. Such defects may explain why some individuals are immune to HIV-1 despite repeated exposure to the virus.

HIV (Viruses), HIV, Genetic aspects, Immunity, Immunity (Physiology), CD4 lymphocytes

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Molecular cloning, functional expression, and signaling characteristics of a C-C chemokine receptor

Article Abstract:

C-C chemokines are chemoattractants for monocytes as well as some lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils during immune and inflammatory processes. A human C-C chemokine receptor, designated C-C CKR-1, was cloned and characterized. Various C-C chemokines interacted with the receptor at various affinities, but binding affinity did not determine the strength of the transmitted signal. Sequence analysis showed that C-C CKR-1 is similar to the US28 open reading frame of the cytomegalovirus genome.

Physiological aspects, Inflammation, Inflammation mediators, Molecular biology, Chemotaxis, Immune response

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Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates leukocyte migration and adhesion

Article Abstract:

A study identifying and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX(sub 3)CR1 was done to analyze the leukocyte trafficking at the endothelial level. Results have shown that CX(sub 3)CR1 was capable of interacting with the signal transduction pathway shared with other CC chemokine receptors and and CXCRs. It was also indicated fractalkine mediated the V28 cell adhesion.

Cell receptors, Cell adhesion, Cell migration, Leukocytes, White blood cells

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