Inactivation of poliovirus type 1 in mixed human and swine wastes and by bacteria from swine manure

Article Abstract:

The antiviral effects of mixed wastes composed of septic tankeffluent (STE) and swine manure slurry (SMS) were studied. Field experiments showed that levels of poliovirus type 1 (PO1) decreased more rapidly when compared to a control experiment. The antiviral activity was related to the microbial activity in the mixed waste. Screening tests produced three bacterialisolates with antiviral activities. When these isolates were inoculated on autoclaved mixed waste, virus inactivation occured. PO1 inactivation was inhibited by the presence of protease inhibitors. These results suggest that viral inactivation is due in part to proteases released by bacteria.

Influence, Proteases, Antiviral agents, Poliovirus, Polioviruses

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Degradation of Giardia lamblia cysts in mixed human and swine wastes

Article Abstract:

The degradation of Giardia lamblia cysts in mixed septic tank effluent (STE) and swine manure slurry (SMS) was found to be faster than in pure STE and in the saline control. Effectiveness of degradation increased with the proportion of SMS, hence SMS is thought to contain the degrading agent. Cysts were degraded more rapidly at higher incubation temperatures, although freezing temperatures do kill the cysts. Staining with fluorescein diacetate-propidium iodide proved to be a reliable and convenient method of assessing viability since results correlated well with electron microscopic findings.

Giardia, Giardia lamblia

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Persistence of inoculated hepatitis A virus in mixed human and animal wastes

Article Abstract:

Examination of the persistence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in human wastes mixed with swine manure slurry (SMS) and in human wastes with dairy cattle manure slurry (DCMS) reveals that inactivation of HAV is higher in the two types of mixed wastes than that of HAV in septic tank affluent alone. A comparative study of the inactivation of HAV in the mixed waste reveals the relation between microbial activity and virus inactivation. The D values for mixed wastes at different temperatures are compared.

Viruses, Hepatitis A virus, Hepatovirus, Virus inactivation, Infectious wastes

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