pH signaling in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: identification of a pacC/RIM1 homolog

Article Abstract:

Research was conducted on the phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum to identify and trace its production of oxalic acid during plant infection. This process was found to be linked to ambient pH, which also governs the pathogen's development and virulence, and may be molecularly regulated by a conserved pH-dependent signaling pathway similar to the one in Aspergillus nidulans, a nonpathogenic fungus.

United States, Statistical Data Included, Environmental aspects, Bacterial genetics, Bacteria, Phytopathogenic, Phytopathogenic bacteria, Plant diseases, Agricultural bacteriology, Bacteriology, Agricultural

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Purification and characterization of extracellular pectinolytic enzymes producd by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Article Abstract:

Enzymes which degrade cell wallsof plant tissues were isolated and characterized. Exopolygalacturonase (exoPG) and exopolymethylgalacturonase (exoPMG) were found to be secreted by the disease-causing fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Purification involved three separation steps afterwhich their molecular weights (MWs) were determined. MWs of exoPG and exoPMG were 68,000 daltons (Da) and 74,000 Da, respectively as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE). Both enzymes showed activities at the optimum temperature of 45 degrees Centigrade but their thermostabilities differed. The exoPG was stable below 30 degrees Centigrade while the exoPMG was found to be more heat stable exhibitingenzyme activity at 45 to 60 degrees Centigrade. The two enzymes have also different N-terminal sequences as shown by SDS-PAGE which proved that they are structurally different. This characterization of their distinctive properties may be useful in understanding their catabolism.

Physiological aspects, Pectin, Fungi, Phytopathogenic, Phytopathogenic fungi, Microbial enzymes

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Increase in endogenous and exogenous cyclic AMP levels inhibits sclerotial development in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Article Abstract:

A range of compounds with varying effects on eukaryotic signal transduction pathways was examined for their effects on sclerotial development in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. While endogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) promoted mycelial growth, exogenous cAMP exhibited growth inhibitory effects similar to caffeine and circulating adenylate cyclase. A regulatory pathway via a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A was suggested as the mechanism involved in the inhibitory functions of exogenous cAMP.

Cellular signal transduction, Protein kinases, Cyclic adenylic acid, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Sclerosis

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