Mutualistic associations of aphids and prokaryotes: biology of the genus Buchnera

Article Abstract:

The Aphids, which are pests of plants and agricultural crops, exhibit endosymbiotic property with the intracellular prokaryotic species, Buchnera aphidicola. The aphids are viral plant pathogens and remove all the nutrients from the plants by sucking the plant sap. The sap provides the aphids only with carbohydrates, while amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds are absent in the sap. This necessitates the requirement for symbiotic relationship in which the virus provides the nitrogenous compounds for the existence of the Aphids.

Prokaryotes

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Horizontal transfer of bacterial symbionts: Heritability and fitness effects in a novel aphid host

Article Abstract:

The capabilities of three vertically transmitted bacteria from the Gammaproteobacteria to infect and spread within a novel host species, the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon psium, are examined. The results have revealed that negative fitness effects and low transmission efficiency prevents the establishment of new infection following horizontal transmission and some symbionts can overcome these obstacles, which accounts for their widespread distributions across aphids and related insects.

Host-bacteria relationships, Microorganisms

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Symbiosis and insect diversification: An ancient symbiont of sap-feeding insects from the bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes

Article Abstract:

The large group of related insects including cicadas, leafhoppers, treehoppers, spittlebugs and planthoppers host a distinct clade of bacterial symbionts and this new symbiont lineage belongs to the phylum Bacteroidetes. The results have supported the ancient acquisition of a symbiont by a shared ancestor of these insects and Candidatus Sulcia muelleri is the name of the new symbiont.

United States, Candida

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