Occurrence of choline and glycine betaine uptake and metabolism in the family Rhizobiaceae and their roles in osmoprotection

Article Abstract:

The key physiological role of glycine betaine in the family Rhizobiaceae appears to be as an energy source, while its involvement in osmoprotection is limited to certain strains. This was gleaned from an investigation of the role of glycine betaine and choline in osmoprotection of a variety of strains from five genera of the Rhizobiaceae family. Glycine betaine and choline were found to be useful as osmoprotectants as both enhanced the growth of various rhizobial strains when externally provided. All rhizobial strains were also found to possess a choline uptake activity and can use choline as a carbon, nitrogen and energy source for growth.

Choline, Osmosis

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Molecular characterization of the bet genes encoding glycine betaine synthesis in Sinorhizobium meliloti 102F34

Article Abstract:

A Tn5 mutant, LTS23-1020, was used to study the molecular mechanisms involved in the utilization of choline and glycine betaine as carbon or nitrogen sources or as osmoprotectant in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Physiological and biochemical data from the choline dehydrogenase deficient mutant revealed that choline did not function as an osmoprotectant in S. meliloti. The absence of betI and betT homologues in the 500bp region upstream of the sinorhizobial betB gene, characterized the bet region of S. meliloti from Escherichia coli.

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Identification of an ATP-driven, osmoregulated glycine betaine transport system in Listeria monocytogenes

Article Abstract:

The isolation of a glycine betaine transport mutant of Listeria monocytogenes from a Tn917-LTV3 transposon insertional library is described. The nucleotide sequences of genes encoding a glycine betaine transport system distinct from that described in a previous study are reported. Results indicate that only the ATP-dependent transporter and the Na+-glycine betaine symporter occur in L monocytogenes.

Genetic aspects, Biological transport, Adenosine triphosphate, ATP, Listeria monocytogenes

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