Regulation of maternal messenger RNA translation during oogenesis and embryogenesis in Urechis caupo

Article Abstract:

The synthesis of individual maternal mRNAs during oogenesis controls the selective translation of mRNAs in oocytes and embryos. This hypothesis was tested using cDNA probes of 21 maternal mRNAs that accumulate during oogenesis in the euchuriod Urechis caupo. However, the findings do not support the hypothesis. Instead, the results suggest that the control must reside directly or indirectly in the mRNA sequences. Moreover, it was found that selective adenylation of the maternal mRNA correlate to their selective translation. No consensus sequences that regulate adenylation were found.

Genetic translation, Translation (Genetics)

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Parthenogenesis in Urechis caupo (Echiura). I. Persistance of functional maternal asters following activation without meiosis

Article Abstract:

Exposure of the eggs of the marine worm Urechis caupo to a hexapeptide isolated from sperm acrosomal protein at pH 8, followed by acidification leads to stimulation of parthenogenetic cleavage in the eggs. Persistent maternal centrosomes used for the cleavage do not cycle via meiosis and these centrosomes generate multiple asters, which facilitate fast cleavage. Examination of the inhibition of the cleavage by cytochalasin B reveals that a maternal mechanism of meiotic cycling inactivates the maternal centrosomes.

Analysis, Physiological aspects, Proteins, Eggs, Eggs (Food), Parthenogenesis, Worms, Worms (Animals), Centrosomes, Centrosome, Asters

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XLPOU-60, a Xenopus POU-domain mRNA, is oocyte-specific from very early stages of oogenesis, and localised to presumptive mesoderm and ectoderm in blastula

Article Abstract:

The isolation of a cDNA encoding a Xenopus POU-domain protein, XLPOU-60, is described. Its sequence was found to be most closely related to the mouse-germ line-specific trancription factor Oct-3/4. In addition, oocyte-specificity from very early stages of oogenesis and localization to presumptive mesoderm and ectoderm in blastula were observed. Moreover, these findings suggest that XLPOU-60 is one of the earliest genes to be transcribed in oocyte development.

Genetic transcription, Transcription (Genetics), Xenopus

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