SARs are cis DNA elements of chromosome dynamics: synthesis of a SAR repressor protein

Article Abstract:

The chromosomal scaffold-associated regions (SARs) control the condensation and shape of chromosomes. Multi-AT hook (MATH) proteins bind to the AT-rich regions of the SARs causing defective condensation and restructuring of Xenopus chromosomes. In the presence of MATH proteins, chromatin condenses like the wild-type chromatin but fails to assemble into chromosomes. MATH proteins added to mitotic chromosomes restructure the chromosomes into chromatid balls. The effect of the MATH proteins is due to direct interaction with the SARs.

Physiological aspects, Nucleoproteins

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Condensins, cohesins, and chromosome architecture: how to make and break a mitotic chromosome

Article Abstract:

Model organisms are used for studying chromosomal activities more efficiently. With the use of models, identification of important factors which contribute to the condensation and segregation of mitotic chromosomes were studied. Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) proteins play an important role for building and breaking the cell cycle. Topoisomerase II contributes to disentanglement of chromosomes while MCD1 prevents mitotic cell replication through its functional mitotic checkpoint control.

Cell cycle

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Identification and characterization of a bacterial chromosome partitioning site

Article Abstract:

Research was conducted to characterize a DNA site associated with the chromosome partitioning in Bacillus subtilis. B. subtilis strains that contained the trpC and pheA mutations were derived from AG174 while double crossover technique transformation was utilized to introduce mutations into the chromosome. Results revealed a family of chromosome partitioning sites from B. subtilis and showed that the presence of a single site on stabilized the plasmid.

Gene mutations, Gene mutation, Genetic aspects, DNA, Plasmids, Bacillus subtilis

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